Cystine glutamate
WebThe x c − cystine/glutamate antiporter is a plasma membrane transporter mediating cellular uptake of cystine in exchange for intracellular glutamate with a stoichiometry of 1 : 1 (Lo … WebNov 22, 2002 · In mammalian cultured cells, the cystine/glutamate exchange transport mediated by system x c − is important to maintain intracellular GSH levels. System x c − consists of two protein components, xCT and the heavy chain of 4F2 antigen. The activity of system x c − is induced by various stimuli, including electrophilic agents like diethyl maleate.
Cystine glutamate
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WebGSH is the core material for amino acid metabolism during ferroptosis and is synthesized from cysteine, glutamate and glycine. 5 Cystine is reduced to cysteine after entering cells to participate in the synthesis of GSH. GPX4 is an important enzyme for scavenging lipid oxygen-free radicals. Once GPX4 is activated, GSH can reduce toxic lipid ... WebOct 11, 2006 · The cystine/glutamate exchanger (xCT) provides intracellular cyst(e)ine for production of glutathione, a major cellular antioxidant. Using xCT overexpression and underexpression, we present evidence that xCT-dependent glutathione production modulates both neuroprotection from oxidative stress and cell proliferation. In embryonic …
WebFeb 2, 2024 · In the present study, we found that autophagy has a selective role in sustaining cysteine (Cys) pools in PDAC. One of the major mechanisms of Cys homeostasis is through the import of cystine (the oxidized dimer of cysteine) through system x c −, a cystine/glutamate antiporter composed of SLC7A11 (xCT) and SLC3A2 . WebJul 6, 2005 · It is demonstrated that nonsynaptic glutamate derived from xc- modulates synaptic glutamate release and thereby regulates cocaine-induced drug seeking. Withdrawal from chronic cocaine reduces extracellular glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens by decreasing cystine/glutamate exchange (xc-). Activating xc- with N …
WebOct 1, 2024 · The cystine/glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 (also commonly known as xCT) functions to import cystine for glutathione biosynthesis and antioxidant defense and is overexpressed in multiple human cancers. Recent studies revealed that SLC7A11 overexpression promotes tumor growth partly through suppressing ferroptosis, a form of … WebMay 1, 2024 · The cystine/glutamate transporter (X c-) uptakes cystine (oxidised cysteine) into the cell in exchange for glutamate. Inhibition of X c-depletes glutathione levels and impairs GPX4 activity, thereby increases lipid peroxidation. Certain membrane lipids have been found to be oxidised during ferroptosis.
WebJun 13, 2005 · Cystine/glutamate transporter Molecular Weight 55422.44 Da. References. Tomi M, Hosoya K, Takanaga H, Ohtsuki S, Terasaki T: Induction of xCT gene expression and L-cystine transport activity by diethyl maleate at the inner blood-retinal barrier. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Mar;43(3):774-9.
WebApr 15, 2024 · The other mechanism of L-Glu toxicity is via non-receptor-mediated oxidative stress, which can involve the cystine/glutamate antiporter system (X c −) [22,32]. An overabundance of extracellular L-Glu blocks the cystine/glutamate antiporter system resulting in cysteine depletion, and this is a primary component for the synthesis of the … lochlands caravan siteWebApr 21, 2024 · The cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc − in health and disease: from molecular mechanisms to novel therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 18 , … indian river movie theaterWebAug 9, 2024 · GSH glutathione (reduced), GPX4 glutathione peroxidase 4, GCLC glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, GSS glutathione synthetase, TFRC … lochkreis touranWebOct 1, 2024 · The cystine/glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 (also commonly known as xCT) functions to import cystine for glutathione biosynthesis and antioxidant defense and is … indian river mobile home park floridaWebJul 1, 2024 · Computed structure model of Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit. AlphaFold DB : AF-P48506-F1. Released in AlphaFold DB: 2024-07-01 Last Modified in AlphaFold DB: 2024-09-30. Organism (s): Homo sapiens. UniProtKB: P48506. indian river natural phone numberWebMay 20, 2014 · Exchange of extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate by the antiporter system xc (-) is implicated in numerous pathologies. Pharmacological agents … lochlands drive arbroathWebAug 1, 2024 · In many cultured cells, xCT is induced by various stimuli such as electrophilic agents [15], amino acid deprivation [16], bacterial lipopolysaccharide [17], and contributes to the maintenance of intracellular glutathione level. xCT is the main component of the system x c − and mediates the transport of cystine and cystathionine into cells in exchange with … indian river mountain bike trail